Those opposed to pharming fear that through either mishandling or gene flow, potentially dangerous pharmaceuticals may inadvertently enter the food supply. Precedents involving non-pharmaceutical genetically modified crops include the Starlink controversy, and trade war over genetically modified food between the European union and the USA. A similar reaction to pharmed rice is feared from Japan. Pharming is a portmanteau of farming and "pharmaceutical" and refers to the use of genetic engineering to insert genes that code for useful pharmaceuticals into host animals or plants that would otherwise not express those genes. As a consequence, the host animals or plants then make the pharmaceutical product in large quantity, which can then be harvested and used to produce pharmaceuticals. Conventional production methods for pharmaceutical proteins involve substantial investments of both time and finances. Not only are there manufacturing challenges involved with conventional production methods, but there are also considerable regulatory challenges that must be met. There are currently about 30 protein-based medicines on the market, and close to 100 in late-stage human trials. Consequently, companies are motivated to provide a wider range of options for production of proteins used in these treatments. The products of pharming are recombinant proteins or their metabolic products. Drugs made from recombinant proteins potentially have greater efficacy and fewer side effects than small organic molecules (which are often screened as potential drugs) because their action can be more precisely targeted toward the cause of a disease rather than treatment of symptoms. Recombinant proteins are most commonly produced.